In a human female, the reproductive phase starts on the onset of puberty and ceases…

In a human female, the reproductive phase starts on the onset of puberty and ceases around middle age of the female. Study the graph given below regarding menstrual cycle and answer the questions that follow :

For successful pregnancy, at what phase of the menstrual cycle an early embryo (upto 3 blastomeres) should be Implanted in the Uterus (UT) of a human female who has opted for Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) ? Support your answer with a reason.

Ans.

For successful pregnancy through Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART), such as in vitro fertilization (IVF), the early embryo (up to 3 blastomeres) should be implanted in the uterus (UT) during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle.

During the luteal phase:

• Progesterone levels are elevated, which helps in preparing the endometrium (uterine lining) for implantation of the embryo.

• The endometrium becomes thickened and enriched with blood vessels, providing an optimal environment for embryo implantation and subsequent development.

Implanting the early embryo during the luteal phase ensures that the uterus is in a receptive state, maximizing the chances of successful implantation and pregnancy. Therefore, for ART procedures, embryo transfer typically occurs during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle.