With the help of a suitable diagram, explain the working of a step-up…

With the help of a suitable diagram, explain the working of a step-up transformer.

Ans. A step-up transformer consists of two coils of wire wound around a common core, typically made of iron or ferrite. One coil, called the primary coil, is connected to the input voltage source, while the other coil, known as the secondary coil, is connected to the load.

When an alternating current (AC) flows through the primary coil, it generates a magnetic field around the coil. This alternating magnetic field induces a voltage in the secondary coil through electromagnetic induction, as per Faraday’s law.

The induced voltage in the secondary coil depends on the ratio of the number of turns in the secondary coil to the number of turns in the primary coil. If the secondary coil has more turns, the induced voltage will be higher than the applied voltage in the primary coil, resulting in a step-up transformer.

The voltage step-up occurs due to the relationship between the number of turns in the primary and secondary coils. As the voltage increases in the secondary coil, the current decreases proportionally, ensuring the conservation of energy.

The load is connected to the secondary coil, where it receives the stepped-up voltage. This stepped-up voltage can be utilized for various applications such as power distribution, voltage regulation, or driving high-voltage equipment.

In summary, a step-up transformer operates on the principle of electromagnetic induction to increase the voltage level of an AC signal while decreasing the current level, enabling efficient power transmission and distribution.